Sizing composition for yarns



Patented Nov. 7, 1Q50 Chester CarlAbramson, Frostburg, Md assignor "to Celanese Corporation of America, a corpora- 'tion ofzDelaware NoDrawing. Application. July 20, 1946, Serial No. 685,240

ZClaims. (01. 104-442 This invention relates to the sizing of textile materials such as yarns, threads, filaments and the like, and relates more particularly to the sizing of textile materials-of regenerated cellulose which have been prepared by the saponification of stretched yarns having a'basis of an organic ester of cellulose, forexample,-- regenerated cellulose material prepared in the manner particularly described'and claimed in U. S. Patent No. 53 7 1 An object of my inventionis the provision of a sizing composition which,- when applied to yarns such as regenerated cellulose yarns, prepared by saponifying stretched yarns having a basis of an organic ester of cellulose, lubricates and combines the filaments and fibers of the yarns so that they may be suitable for any purpose where a sized yarn is required.

have been employed in.

Another object of my'invention is to improve the weaving efficiency of yarn such as regenertial difiiculties have been encountered in weaving such yarns into fabrics of acceptable quality.

I have now discovered that the difficulties heretofore encountered in the processing of r'e-.

origin, i. e. it may be obtained from milk or from the soya bean. The alkylolamine mayfbe triethanola'mine, I dietha'nolamine, trimethanolamine,- tripropionolamine or mixtures of' these: However, it is preferred to employcommercial triethanolamine which may contain small quantitles of diethanolamine and monoethanol'amine. The amount of alkylolamine employed in the sizing composition may be on the order of 15 to tion of stretched yarn having a basis of an organic ester of cellulose.

Still another object of my invention is the provision of an improved process for the sizing of yarns, threads, filaments and the like, such as those of regenerated ce lulose prepared by saponifying stretched yarns having a basis of an organic derivative of cellulose.

Other objects of my invention will appear from the following detailed description.

Various sizing compounds or compositions have been employed for treating textile materials, such as yarns, threads, filaments and the like, to render them more amenable to various textile processing operations. The use of many of these compounds or compositions is, however, not without certain disadvantages Frequently, many of the sizing compounds or compositions may develop a fair amount of free acidity on ageing. Others suffer from the disadvantage that they are subject to om'dative or hydrolytic changes which leads to polymerization reactions. The latter reactions cause the size to become gummy or tacky and this creates a certain amount of drag or pull on the yarns as they pass through guides, etc. These disadvantages, of course, seriously impair the eificiency with which the various textile processing operations employing such sized yarns may be carried out. These as well as other disadvantages have been encountered in the sizing of yarn and especially regenerated cellulose yarn prepared by the saponification of stretched yarn having a basis of an organic ester of cellulose. Many sizes and sizing compositions 20% based on the weight of the casein employed therein optimum results being obtained by the use of 16% of triethanolamine. The maximum amount of oleic acid that may be employed in the sizing composition is based on the weight of the triethanolamine. However, even this amount often yields a size which is too soft. Highly satisfactory results are obtained by the use of 25% of oleic acid on the weight of the triethanolamine employed. The amounts of defoaming agent and preservative employed are relatively small.

In order further to illustrate my invention, but Without being limited thereto, the following example is given:

Example A size is made by the use of the following ingredients Pounds Casein 50 Triethanolamine 8 Oleic acid 2 Defoamer 3 Preservative 0.8

attempts to improve the processing efficiency of said regenerated cellulose; yarns with but indiiferent success, and substan l 3 short time. The solution is strained through cheese cloth and is ready for use. The size is preferably applied at a temperature of about 150 F., although satisfactory results may be obtained by applying the size at room temperatures to temperatures up to 180 F.

The size is applied at .a temperature or. about 150 F. to a warp made of continuous "filaments of regenerated cellulose prepared by the saponification of stretched yarns having a basis of an organic ester of cellulose in an ordinary sizing apparatus, and the concentration ofthe composition given in the Example is such that the amount of the dry size applied thereto is about 6.25% by weight of the yarn; However, satisfactory results are obtained when from 3 to 10% by weight of the yarn of the dry size is retained on the yarn,

While in the example the amount oficcasein employed is given as 50 pounds, a range of 40 to 64 .pounds per hundred gallons of-water may be satisfactorily employedn HoweverQthe ratio of 1 casein and triethanolamine given in theexample should be maintained.

By sizing yarns, threads, filaments and the.

like of regenerated,celluloseprepared by saponi- Lying stretched yarns, threads or filaments having abasis of an organicester of cellulose with mynovel sizingcomposition, the sized materials may be-woven into fabrics with a minimum of 1 friction, .substantiallypno -iraying or chafing or other. detrimental effects.

. It is to be understood that theforegoing detailed description is given -merely by way of illustration and that many variations may be,

made" therein without departing from the spirit of :my invention,

Having described by invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is: V I

1. An aqueous composition for use in' sizing yarns or regenerated cellulose prepared by the saponification of stretched yarns having a basis of an organic ester of cellulose, said composition consisting of casein, triethanolamine and oleic acid, the triethanolamine being 15 to on the weight of the casein and the amount of oleic acid being to by weight of the triethanolamine, I

2. A composition for use in sizing yarns of regenerated cellulose'prepared'by the saponification. of stretched yarns having a basis of an organicpester of cellulose, said composition consisting of 50 pounds of casein, 8 pounds of triethanolamine'and 2 pounds of oleic acidin gallons of water. 7

' CHESTER. CARL ABRAMSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following,rreferences"are of record :inzthe file'of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,407,105 Seymour et all Sept.v 3, 

1. AN AQUEOUS COMPOSITION FOR USE IN SIZING YARNS OR REGENERATED CELLULOSE PREPARED BY THE SAPONIFICATION OF STRETCHED YARNS HAVING A BASIS OF AN ORGANIC ESTER OF CELLULOSE, SAID COMPOSITION CONSISTING OF CASEIN, TRIETHANOLAMINE AND OLEIC ACID, THE TRIETHANOLAMINE BEING 15 TO 20% ON THE WEIGHT OF THE CASEIN AND THE AMOUNT OF OLEIC ACID BEING 25 TO 50% BY WEIGHT OF THE TRIETHANOLAMINE. 